Keystone Plants, and the Plants Beneath (Soft Landing) Similar to permaculture principles where you layer the plants for a forest garden, having ground covers, plants and leaf litter under keystone tree species amplifies benefits for the ecosystem.Learn More: 1 2 3Arizona Keystone Trees Ironwood (Olneya tesota)Oaks (Quercus spp)Arizona White Oak (Quercus arizonica)Canyon Live Oak (Quercus chrysolepis)Belota (Quercus emoryi)Gambel’s Oak (Quercus gambellii)Gray Oak (Quercus grisea)Silverleaf Oak (Quercus hypoleucoides)Chinquapin Oak (Quercus muehlenbergii)Mexican Blue Oak (Quercus oblongifolia)Dunn’s Oak (Quercus Palmeri)Sandpaper Oak (Quercus pungens)Netleaf Oak (Quercus rugosa)Toumey Oak (Quercus toumeyi)Scrub Oak (Quercus turbinella)Pines (Pinus spp)Arizona Pine (Pinus arizonica)Border Pinon (Pinus cembroides)Pinon Pine (Pinus edulis)Apache Pine (Pinus engelmanii)Chihuahua Pine (Pinus leiophylla var. chihuanuana)Ponderosa Pine (Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum)Southwestern White Pine (Pinus strobiformis)Willows (Salix spp)Peachleaf Willow (Salix amygdaloides)Arroyo Willow (Salix lasiolepis)AspenCottonwoodPoplarShare this:FacebookXWhatsAppPinterestRedditPrintLike this:Like Loading... Related Published by George@PW View all posts by George@PW